SNEWS: The SuperNova Early Warning System

World-wide, several detectors currently running or nearing completion are sensitive to a prompt core collapse supernova neutrino signal in the Galaxy. The SNEWS system will be able to provide a robust early warning of a supernova's occurrence to the astronomical community using a coincidence of neutrino signals around the world. This talk describes the nature of the neutrino signal, detection techniques and the motivation for a coincidence alert. It describes the implementation of SNEWS, its current status, and its future, which can include gravitational wave detectors.Comment: 7 pages, for the Proceedings of the 3rd Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Wave

Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering by COHERENT

The COHERENT collaboration measured coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) for the first time at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, using a CsI[Na] detector. Here we discuss the nature of the CEvNS process, physics motivations, and experimental considerations for measuring CEvNS. We describe the CsI[Na] measurement, along with status and future of COHERENT.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures. For proceedings of the 19th International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators-NUFACT201

Obtaining supernova directional information using the neutrino matter oscillation pattern

A nearby core collapse supernova will produce a burst of neutrinos in several detectors worldwide. With reasonably high probability, the Earth will shadow the neutrino flux in one or more detectors. In such a case, for allowed oscillation parameter scenarios, the observed neutrino energy spectrum will bear the signature of oscillations in Earth matter. Because the frequency of the oscillations in energy depends on the pathlength traveled by the neutrinos in the Earth, an observed spectrum contains also information about the direction to the supernova. We explore here the possibility of constraining the supernova location using matter oscillation patterns observed in a detector. Good energy resolution (typical of scintillator detectors), well known oscillation parameters, and optimistically large (but conceivable) statistics are required. Pointing by this method can be significantly improved using multiple detectors located around the globe. Although it is not competitive with neutrino-electron elastic scattering-based pointing with water Cherenkov detectors, the technique could still be useful.Comment: 11 pages, 25 figure

Supernova Neutrino Detection

World-wide, several detectors currently running or nearing completion are sensitive to a core collapse supernova neutrino signal in the Galaxy. I will briefly describe the nature of the neutrino signal and then survey current and future detection techniques. I will also explore what physics and astrophysics we can learn from the next Galactic core collapse.Comment: For the Proceedings of Neutrino 2000 - the X1X International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics. 7 pages, 1 figur

Prospects for measuring coherent neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering at a stopped-pion neutrino source

Rates of coherent neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering at a high-intensity stopped-pion neutrino source in various detector materials (relevant for novel low-threshold detectors) are calculated. Sensitivity of a coherent neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering experiment to new physics is also explored.Comment: 9 pages, 14 figures; minor modifications for publicatio

Neutrinos from type Ia supernovae: the deflagration-to-detonation transition scenario

It has long been recognized that the neutrinos detected from the next core-collapse supernova in the Galaxy have the potential to reveal important information about the dynamics of the explosion and the nucleosynthesis conditions as well as allowing us to probe the properties of the neutrino itself. The neutrinos emitted from thermonuclear - type Ia - supernovae also possess the same potential, although these supernovae are dimmer neutrino sources. For the first time, we calculate the time, energy, line of sight, and neutrino-flavor-dependent features of the neutrino signal expected from a three-dimensional delayed-detonation explosion simulation, where a deflagration-to-detonation transition triggers the complete disruption of a near-Chandrasekhar mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. We also calculate the neutrino flavor evolution along eight lines of sight through the simulation as a function of time and energy using an exact three-flavor transformation code. We identify a characteristic spectral peak at $\sim 10$ MeV as a signature of electron captures on copper. This peak is a potentially distinguishing feature of explosion models since it reflects the nucleosynthesis conditions early in the explosion. We simulate the event rates in the Super-K, Hyper-K, JUNO, and DUNE neutrino detectors with the SNOwGLoBES event rate calculation software and also compute the IceCube signal. Hyper-K will be able to detect neutrinos from our model out to a distance of $\sim 10$ kpc. At 1 kpc, JUNO, Super-K, and DUNE would register a few events while IceCube and Hyper-K would register several tens of events.Comment: 44 pages, 29 figures & 2 tables. Updated to match Phys. Rev. D version, including a new event channel discussion and improved IceCube result